Framework/Linguistic method	Description
Lexis	Word-choice. Meaning at word and phrase level.
Grammar	How language is built i.e the structure and rules that underpin how we form sentences
Phonology	How we organise the sounds of our language to produce certain effects including rhythm, rhyme, intonation, stress, pauses, etc.
Pragmatics	How we know what language means when it is used in a specific context, sometimes described as reading between the lines.
Discourse	1)      How longer stretches of text are organised (cohesion – how it holds together e.g. use of discourse markers) 2)      The way texts create identities for particular individuals, groups or institutions e.g. the discourse of law, politics, and the media.
Graphology	How the design of a text can contribute to meaning including use of fonts, graphics, colours etc.